Fig. 2

Characteristics of fecal water extracted from the feces of rats consuming standard diet and red meat-based diet with or without kimchi supplementation. Feces were collected on days 60–64 following the injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 20 mg/kg body weight). The characteristics included (A) pH, (B) iron concentration, (C) thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration and (D) microbial load of fecal water (total plate count and lactic acid bacteria count). Data (n = 10) are expressed in mean ± SD. Different lettering indicates statistically significant difference among samples (p < 0.05). Saline: group of rats injected with NaCl solution (0.9%) and given standard diet. DMH: group of rats injected with DMH and given standard diet. RM: group of rats injected with DMH and given red meat-based diet. K-5%: group of rats injected with DMH and given standard diet with kimchi supplementation (5%). RM + K-5%: group of rats injected with DMH and given red meat-based diet with kimchi supplementation (5%). K-10%: group of rats injected with DMH and given standard diet with kimchi supplementation (10%). RM + K-10%: group of rats injected with DMH and given red meat-based diet with kimchi supplementation (10%). MDA malondialdehyde. CFU colony forming unit