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Table 1 Demographic profiles of countries in Southeast Asia [17]

From: Fermented foods of Southeast Asia other than soybean- or seafood-based ones

Country

Population (2020)

Religion(s)

Major ethnic group(s)

Brunei

460,345

Islam (81%), Christianity (7%), Buddhism (7%)

Malay (70%), Chinese (10%)

Cambodia

16,713,015

Buddhism (97%), Islam (2%)

Khmer (96%), Cham (2%), Chinese (1%)

Indonesia

270,203,917

Islam (87%), Christianity (11%)

Javanese (40%), Sundanese (16%), Malay (4%)

Laos

7,749,595

Buddhism (66%), Tai folk religion (31%)

Lao (53%), Khmu (11%), Hmong (9%), Phu Thai (3%), Tai (3%)

Malaysia

32,447,385

Islam (64%), Buddhism (19%), Christianity (9%), Hinduism (6%)

Malay (57%), Chinese (23%), indigenous groups (12%), Indian (7%)

Myanmar

57,526,449

Buddhism (88%), Christianity (6%), Islam (4%)

Bamar (68%), Shan (9%), Karen (7%), Rakhine (4%), Chinese (3%)

Singapore

5,637,000

Buddhism (31%), no religion (20%), Christianity (19%), Islam (16%), Taoism (9%), Hinduism (5%)

Chinese (74%), Malay (14%), Indian (9%)

Thailand

69,648,117

Buddhism (90%), Islam (4%), Christianity (3%)

Thai (80%), Thai Chinese (10%), Malay (7%), Khmer (3%)

Timor-Leste

1,340,513

Christianity (~ 100%)

East Timorese (~ 100%)

Vietnam

96,208,984

No religion (74%), Buddhism (15%), Christianity (9%)

Kinh Vietnamese (85%)